Spinal stenosis refers to the narrowing of canals within the spinal column. This narrowing may be due to a variety of causes such as degenerative changes, herniated discs, trauma, or tumors.
Degenerative disc disease (DDD) is a common condition in which the intervertebral discs in the spine break down and deteriorate, usually due to age-related wear and tear. The intervertebral discs act as cushions between the vertebrae in the spine, helping to absorb shock and allow the spine to move freely.
Kyphosis is a condition in which the spine has an excessive outward curve, causing a hunchback or rounded posture. Kyphosis can be caused by birth defects, abnormal growth of the vertebrae, or by poor posture.
Scoliosis is a medical condition in which a person’s spine has a curvature that is abnormal or unusual. This curve can take the shape of an “S” or a “C” and can be either mild or severe. Scoliosis can occur in people of any age, but it is most commonly diagnosed in children and teenagers
Spondylolisthesis is a condition where one vertebra slips forward or backwards relative to the vertebra below. More specifically, retrolisthesis is when the vertebra slips posteriorly or backwards, and anterolisthesis is when the vertebra slips anteriorly or forward.
Spondylosis is a general term that refers to the natural degeneration of the spine that occurs with age. It is a common condition that affects the vertebrae (bones of the spine), intervertebral discs (the cushions between the vertebrae), and the ligaments and muscles of the spine.
